The game in the form of image files?

You are searching for PICO-8, she understands "cartridges" in the form of png images.

You mean "spot the differences"? Yes, these do exist)
Or are you talking about game programming with the help of pictures? Yes, these too. For example, there is language Pixl.

It is possible to create a html5+javascript game a single file, encode it in data URLs with base64-encoded, to make the resulting row qr code

unfortunately, the standard size of this code is too small, so working examples but do not expect any technical difficulties here.

example games 1KB here https://js1k.com/